The studies in this book examine and illuminate the Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman military institutions that supported and shaped the conduct of war in northwestern Europe in the central middle ages. Taken together they challenge received opinion on a number of issues and force a profound reconsideration of the manner in which the Normans and their adversaries, Anglo-Saxons, Danes, Angevins and the Welsh, prepared for and waged war. Contributors: RICHARD ABELS, BERNARD BACHRACH, KELLY DEVRIES, JOHN FRANCE, C.M. GILLMOR, ROBERT HELMERICHS, NIELS LUND, STEPHEN MORILLO, MICHAEL PRESTWICH, FREDERICK SUPPE. Contents RICHARD ABELS, From Alfred to Harold II: The Military Failure of the Late Anglo-Saxon State; BERNARD S. BACHRACH, William Rufus's Plan for the Invasion of Aquitaine; KELLY DEVRIES, Harold Godwinson in Wales: Military Legitimacy in Late Anglo-Saxon England; JOHN FRANCE, The Normans and Crusading; C.M. GILLMORE, Aimoin's Miracula Sancti Germani and the Viking Raids on St Denis and St Germain-des-Prés; ROB HELMERICHS, 'Ad tutandos patriae fines': The Defense of Normandy, 1135; NILS LUND, Expedicio in Denmark; STEPHEN MORILLO, Milites, Knights and Samurai: Military Terminology, Comparative History, and the Problem of Translation; MICHAEL PRESTWICH, The Garrisoning of English Medieval Castles; FREDERICK SUPPE, The Persistance of Castle-Guard in the Welsh Marches and Wales: Suggestions for a Research Agenda and Methodology.